Greige Preparation Parameters for Heavy Woven Cotton Twill
Preparation of heavy cotton twill requires 85-degree flame singeing, dual-dip enzymatic desizing, open-width alkaline scouring, and 28 Baumé mercerization.
Baumé Concentration
Density Scale
Liquid measurement determines the density of solutions by comparing them to the weight of pure water. The baumé concentration is a graduated scale used to assess the strength of chemical baths in textile wet processing. It provides a numeric value that corresponds to the specific gravity of the liquid.
Wet processing operators rely on this value to monitor preparation and dyeing procedures.
Wet Processing
Mercerization of cotton yarns requires highly concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions to swell the cellulose fibers. By maintaining the bath at a specific density on the Baumé scale, the mill ensures consistent lustre and dye uptake. If the concentration drops below the targeted level, the cotton fibers fail to round out, which results in a dull appearance.
Furthermore, the action of auxiliary chemicals becomes erratic when the density fluctuates. This variance directly impacts the batch-to-batch consistency of the finished fabric.
Measurement Protocol
Standard evaluation utilizes a hydrometer that floats in a cylinder containing the process liquid. The user reads the measurement at the meniscus of the fluid under a controlled temperature of fifteen degrees Celsius. Corrective calculations must be applied if the process temperature deviates from the calibration point of the instrument.
Process Control
Chemical replenishment occurs automatically or manually based on these readings to stabilize the bath. Constant density ensures that chemical reactions proceed at a uniform rate across the entire lot of fabric.