Refractometric and Gravimetric Monitoring of Cold Pad Batch Alkali Ratios
Refractometric and gravimetric tracking stabilizes cold pad batch alkali ratios, preventing reactive dye hydrolysis and securing shade repeatability.
Cellulosic Wet Processing
Aqueous Sequence
Liquid-based chemical treatments transform raw plant fibers into finished textiles through a series of controlled aqueous baths. The cellulosic wet processing cycle includes scouring, bleaching, mercerization and biopolishing to remove natural waxes and improve dye uptake. Processing occurs in specialized vats or continuous ranges where water acts as the primary medium for chemical transport.
Fiber Modification
Desizing begins the sequence by removing protective starches applied during weaving to prevent warp breakage. Within the broader scope of cellulosic wet processing, enzymes or acids break down these polymers so they can be washed away. Scouring follows this step, using hot alkali to dissolve pectins and oils trapped within the cotton cell wall.
Bleaching then targets natural pigments using hydrogen peroxide to achieve a uniform base for light colors or pure white finishes.
Liquor Ratio
Mercerization involves the application of concentrated sodium hydroxide to the fabric under high tension. This chemical stage of cellulosic wet processing swells the fiber cross-section from a bean shape to a cylinder, which increases the internal surface area and luster. The resulting fabric exhibits higher tensile strength and a greater affinity for reactive dyes.
Waste Management
Water consumption and heat energy represent the major costs. Effluent from cellulosic wet processing requires neutralization to manage high alkalinity before discharge.