Progressive Electrolyte Metering Schedules for Low Liquor Jet Dyeing Heavy Duck
Progressive electrolyte metering controls reactive dye strike rates on heavy duck canvas in low liquor jets, preventing unlevelness and core shading defects.
Crock Fastness ISO 105-X12
Rubbing Resistance
Standardized testing of colour transfer from textile surfaces to a dry or wet rubbing cloth defines the mechanical stability of dyestuffs on fabrics. The crock fastness ISO 105-X12 protocol outlines the specific rubbing force, finger dimension, and cycle frequency used to evaluate this resistance. This test applies to all yarn types and finished fabrics, ensuring a uniform evaluation across the apparel supply chain.
Test Procedure
Laboratory technicians rub a conditioned, untreated cotton cloth against the specimen under a controlled downward force. Calculating the crock fastness ISO 105-X12 rating involves comparing the stain on the rubbing cloth to a standard grey scale. This measurement runs from grade one, indicating heavy transfer, to grade five, signifying no change.
Industrial Significance
High wet rub staining often signals that unfixed surface dye remains on the fabric after the wash-off phase. Achieving a high crock fastness ISO 105-X12 rating is essential for dark shades used in upholstery or garments that sit close to light-coloured materials. Correcting this issue requires additional reduction clearing or soaping cycles in the dye house to remove the loose pigment.
Quality Metric
The target grade for wet rubbing is generally lower than the dry rubbing specification. This distinction reflects the lubricating action of water.