Reconciling Multi Tube Dye Liquor Ratios across Mixed Capacity Jets
Reconciling liquor ratios across mixed-capacity jets demands adjusting total liquid for static piping dead volume to maintain absolute chemical concentrations.
Sodium Sulfate Concentration G L
Dosage Unit
Amount of anhydrous salt dissolved in the dye liquor expressed as the mass of the solute in grams per litre of total solution. Using sodium sulfate concentration g l allows the dyer to control the ionic strength of the bath with high precision. This value is the primary variable adjusted to drive the exhaustion of reactive dyes onto cellulosic fibres.
Process Role
The ions provided by the salt shield the negative charges on both the dye and the fibre to facilitate closer proximity and bonding.
Recipe Calculation
Accurate dosing requires the total amount of salt to be calculated by multiplying the specified concentration by the total volume of water in the machine. A sodium sulfate concentration g l of fifty in a two thousand litre bath requires one hundred kilograms of the chemical. Accurate dosing systems are needed to ensure that the salt is fully dissolved and distributed before the dyeing process begins.
Ecological Impact
High levels of sulfate in the waste water contribute to total dissolved solids and can affect the salinity of receiving water bodies. Reducing the sodium sulfate concentration g l through the use of low liquor ratio machines or high affinity dyes is a common strategy for improving the sustainability of the mill. Managing this concentration is a trade off between dyeing efficiency and the cost of waste water treatment.