Structural Protein
Fibrous protein structures provide the fundamental scaffolding for all mammalian hair and wool fibres used in textile production. Within the cortex of a wool fibre, keratin intermediate filaments arrange themselves in parallel bundles to support the physical load. These proteins are responsible for the elasticity and resilience found in natural animal fibres.
Molecular Organization
Alpha helical chains wind together to form the core building blocks of the fibre cell. The keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in a matrix of high sulfur proteins that act as a flexible binder. This arrangement allows the fibre to bend and stretch without snapping.
Mechanical Strength
Tensile properties of the yarn depend on the integrity of these microscopic protein strands. When a fabric is pulled, the keratin intermediate filaments absorb the energy and allow the structure to elongate. Once the tension is released, the molecular memory of the filaments returns the fibre to its original shape.
Chemical Resistance
Industrial processing such as dyeing or scouring must avoid damaging the internal protein network. Harsh alkaline treatments can hydrolyze the keratin intermediate filaments and lead to brittle fabrics with low durability. Gentle processing temperatures protect the structural health of the raw material.
