Quantifying Anti Friction Lubricant Protection Limits for Elastane Cores under High Drag Jet Processing
Sustaining a 1.8 percent ester lubricant film on elastane cores prevents elastomeric rupture when jet nozzle pressure exceeds 2.2 bar.
Polyurethane Polymer
Elastic Compound
Synthetic macromolecular chains containing urethane linkages form the basis of the highly elastic filaments used to impart stretch and recovery to modern apparel. In textile manufacturing, polyurethane polymer is spun into fine elastomeric threads that are combined with other fibers. This material provides the high elasticity required for activewear.
Structural Chemistry
The polymer chain consists of alternating soft blocks that provide stretch and hard blocks that provide structural strength. This dual nature allows polyurethane polymer to undergo high deformation and return to its original length when the tension is released. The ratio of these blocks is adjusted to tailor the stretch properties.
Application Methods
Weavers and knitters incorporate these elastic yarns in combination with cotton or synthetic fibers to make stretch fabrics. When processed correctly, polyurethane polymer increases the shape retention and comfort of garments. It is also used as a coating on technical fabrics to provide waterproof barriers.
Degradation Risks
Exposure to high heat during heat setting can weaken the polymer structure and cause loss of elasticity. Similarly, chlorine used in swimming pools or repeated washing with harsh detergents can degrade polyurethane polymer, leading to brittleness and fiber breakage. Mills must use protective additives to enhance durability.