Refractometric and Gravimetric Monitoring of Cold Pad Batch Alkali Ratios
Refractometric and gravimetric tracking stabilizes cold pad batch alkali ratios, preventing reactive dye hydrolysis and securing shade repeatability.
Fabric Tendering Risk
Material Degradation
Material degradation phenomena involve the loss of tensile strength in textile fibres caused by chemical and thermal damage. Assessing fabric tendering risk is a critical checkpoint when processing cotton with sulfur dyes or using high concentrations of peroxide bleaches. If the cellulose chains are broken, the fabric becomes brittle and easily torn.
Catalytic Damage
Traces of iron or copper on the fabric surface can trigger the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide during the bleaching stage. This localized reaction increases the fabric tendering risk by creating oxycellulose, which has lower mechanical strength than the original cotton. Careful sequestration of these metal ions is required to preserve the integrity of the yarns.
Chemical Sensitivity
Acid formation during the storage of sulfur dyed goods represents a long term threat to garment durability. The fabric tendering risk associated with these dyes stems from the oxidation of residual sulfur into sulfuric acid, which then attacks the cotton fibres over time. Neutralising the fabric to a slightly alkaline pH and using specialized anti-tendering agents prevents this slow degradation.
Strength Assessment
Tensile and tear strength measurements performed after finishing confirm whether the processing conditions have compromised the material. A high fabric tendering risk appears as a substantial drop in these values compared to the greige state.